Professor of Paediatric, Université Paris Diderot; Head of the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris

Jean-Claude Carel received his degree from the University Paris V-Paris Ouest medical school. After a period of internships at Paris hospitals he then studied for his Masters in Biochemistry at the University Paris VII and became medical officer at the Val-de-Grâce hospital, Paris.

Professor Carel then carried out his research fellowship at INSERM U25 and completed a graduate immunology course at University Paris VII in the same year. His medical thesis and post doctoral fellowship were completed at the Washington University School of Medicine, USA. Upon returning to France, he became chief resident at St Vincent de Paul hospital and then a research associate at INSERM U342.

He then took the roles of professor of paediatrics at the University Paris V and professor in the Department of Paediatric Endocrinology at Cochin-St Vincent de Paul hospital, Paris. Later he became head of department of paediatric endocrinology at the Hôpital Robert Debré and professor of paediatrics at the University Paris Diderot. From 2006 to the present, he has served in INSERM U690, INSERM CIE-5 and INSERM U1141 at the Hôpital Robert Debré.

Professor Carel has also taught Paediatrics and English at Cochin University, Paris; Immunology License and Masters (L3 and M1), Cellular Biology at Paris V; Endocrinology Masters (M1) at Paris VI and Paris VII; Endocrinology M2 at Paris VII; was the organizer of the Molecular Endocrinology course of the Endocrinology M2 at Paris XI; and was involved in the advanced course of Paediatric Endocrinology of ESPE, on the organization committee from 2002–2006 and as coordinator from 2006–2008.

Professor Carel has taken part in numerous commissions and review boards and is a member of the Société Française de Pédiatrie, Société Française d’Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, American Diabetes Association, Immunology of Diabetes Society, European Society of Paediatric Endocrinology, Société Française d’Endocrinologie, ALFEDIAM and the Endocrine Society. He also acts as a reviewer for the British Medical Journal, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism, European Journal of Endocrinology, Hormone Research, Diabetes Care and Pediatric Research. He is on the editorial board for Hormone Research and the European Journal of Endocrinology, and has been a contributing author to more than 200 published works.

Head and Staff Physician, Department of Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Paediatric Diabetology, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Paris

Michel Polak completed his accreditation at Paris VII University and his PhD at Paris VI. He obtained a qualification in paediatrics (DES) in Paris and a postgraduate degree in biology (D.E.A); endocrinology and a Doctor of Medicine (MD).

Professor Polak completed his training in Paris and postdoctoral fellowships in the Department of Genetics and Microbiology at the Centre Médical Universitaire, Genève, Switzerland and Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurobiology and Section of Immunology and Immunogenetics, Elliot P. Joslin Research Laboratory, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, USA.

His specialist interests include paediatric endocrinology, diabetology growth disorders and their treatment, disorders of sex development, perinatal endocrinology, developmental biology: endoderm derived endocrine organ development (thyroid and pancreas) and their diseases, type 1 diabetes mellitus and monogenic diabetes in young children.

He has published more than 200 peer-reviewed papers in his field and, in 2003, was offered the Jacques Raymond Ducharme award in paediatric endocrinology from the Sainte Justine hospital, Montréal, Canada and, in 2006, the French national award in medicine “les victoires de la médecine” for his work on neonatal diabetes mellitus. Professor Polak also received the prestigious “European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology research award” in 2012.

Currently he is full professor at the Faculty of Medicine at Paris Descartes University; head and staff physician in the Department of Paediatric endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology at Hopital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Paris. He is a member of INSERM U1016 and the Genetics Institute at Necker Hospital (IMAGINE).

Professor of Paediatrics and Chief of the Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Femme-Mère-Enfant University Hospital, Lyon

Marc Nicolino has an undergraduate degree, Master’s degree, doctorate of medicine and PhD.

He has extensive clinical experience with endocrine diseases in children and adolescents. His main research interests include both atypical and type 1 diabetes, growth disorders and rare genetic diseases in paediatric endocrinology.

Professor Nicolino has authored over 100 published works in various peer-reviewed publications including the European Journal of Endocrinology; Annals of Endocrinology; Diabetes; Diabetes Metabolism Research and Reviews; Genes and the Journal of Biological Chemistry.

Professor of Paediatrics, Aix Marseille Université; Head of the Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, APHM Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille

Rachel Reynaud trained at the Jean Monnet Medical School, Saint-Étienne. She then specialised in paediatrics at the Marseille Medical School where she obtained her MD degree. Professor Reynaud completed her PhD in Neurosciences at the Université de la Méditerranée and then went on to train with the group of Jean Jacque Lebrun at McGill University, Quebec, Canada.

She is currently professor of paediatrics at Aix Marseille Université Diabetes CA, Marseille; head of the Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit at the Timone University Children’s Hospital, Marseille; and paediatric coordinator at the Rare Disease Reference Center for Pituitary Diseases (HYPO) and the Center for Severe Child Obesity Diseases (CSO PACA). In her department of paediatric endocrinology and diabetology, their interdisciplinary education team includes paediatric diabetologists, diabetes specialist nurse educators, dieticians, a psychologist and a social worker, and they care for more than 400 children with type 1 diabetes. They provide both conventional diabetes treatment and advances in diabetes management and technology, as well as hospital-based home care.

Professor Reynaud’s clinical research interests focus on endocrine disorders, diabetes and educational methods, and she is a member of a clinical research network on genetically determined pituitary hormone deficiency (GENHYPOPIT). She has contributed to over 130 publications as an author including the Journal of Health Psychology, Recherche en soins infirmiers, The Diabetes Educator, Archives de Pédiatrie, Diabetes Care and The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.